1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران
2دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری ، سبزوار، ایران.
3دانشیار گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری ، سبزوار، ایران
چکیده
هدف: توهم بینایی پدیده‌ای است که ادراک بینایی و فرایندهای برنامه‌ریزی حرکتی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر توهم بینایی بر دقت اجرا و یادگیری مهارت پنجه والیبال بود. روش‌ها: شرکت‌کنندگان شامل 72 دانش‌آموز دختر داوطلب (سن 97/0±40/13 سال) بود که به‌طور تصادفی به سه گروه کنترل، توهم بینایی بزرگ‌تر دیده شدن هدف و توهم بینایی کوچک‌تر دیده شدن هدف تقسیم شدند. به منظور ایجاد توهم بینایی، مربع هدف با مربع‌های کوچک‌تر از هدف (توهم بزرگ) یا مربع‌های بزرگ‌تر از هدف (توهم کوچک) احاطه شده بود. شرکت‌کنندگان بعد از پیش آزمون و مشاهده توهم بینایی، پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی را تکمیل نمودند. مرحله اکتساب شامل 10 بلوک 30 ثانیه‌ای تمرین مهارت پنجه والیبال همراه با توهم بینایی مختص هر گروه بود. 24 ساعت بعد، آزمون یادداری و پس از 10 دقیقه آزمون انتقال اجرا شد. یافته ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد اثر توهم بینایی بر اکتساب، یادداری، انتقال و هم‌چنین خودکارآمدی در اجرای مهارت پنجه والیبال معنی‌دار بود. نتایج آزمون تعقیبی نشان داد که گروه توهم بینایی بزرگ‌تر دیده شدن هدف نسبت به دو گروه دیگر از یادگیری بهتر و خودکارآمدی بالاتری در پنجه والیبال برخوردار بود. نتیجه گیری: دستکاری ادراکی انتظارات از عملکرد از طریق توهم بینایی می‌تواند به واسطه افزایش خودکارآمدی، شرایط بهینه‌ای را برای اجرا و یادگیری مهارت پنجه والیبال در افراد مبتدی فراهم نماید..
1M.S student, Motor behavior group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, sabzevar, iran
2Associate Professor of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
3Associate Professor of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Purpose: Visual illusions can impact visual perception and motor planning processes. The goal of this study was to examine how the Ebbinghaus visual illusion affects the accuracy of performance and learning of volleyball volleying skills. Methods: Seventy-two female student volunteers (average age 13.4±0.97 years) were randomly assigned to one of three visual illusion groups: perceived larger target (PLT), perceived smaller target (PST), and a control group. The Ebbinghaus visual illusion was created by surrounding the target square with smaller squares (creating a larger illusion) or larger squares (creating a smaller illusion). Participants completed a self-efficacy questionnaire after the pre-test and after observing the visual illusion. The acquisition phase involved 10 blocks of 30 seconds each of performing volleyball volleying skills with the specific visual illusion for each group. A retention test was conducted 24 hours later, followed by a transfer test 10 minutes after. Results: The study found that the visual illusion had a significant impact on acquisition, retention, transfer, and self-efficacy in volleyball volleying skills. A post-hoc test revealed that the PLT group performed better than the other groups. Conclusion: Manipulating performance expectancies through visual illusions can create optimal conditions for improving the performance and learning of volleyball volleying skills in beginners by enhancing self-efficacy.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Ebbinghaus Visual Illusion, Optimal Theory of Motor Learning, Enhanced Expectancies
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