تحلیل وضعیت زیستپذیری شهری با تأکید بر شاخصهای مسکن (مطالعه موردی: محلات شانزدهگانه شهر جیرفت) | ||
| فصلنامه علمی توسعه پایدار محیط جغرافیایی | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 15، دی 1404، صفحه 54-68 اصل مقاله (2.2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/sdge.2025.239806.1253 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمیدرضا رخشانی نسب* ؛ زهرا سالاری | ||
| گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مقدمه: رشد سریع جمعیت جهانی و افزایش تقاضا برای خدمات اساسی در حوزههایی مانند سلامت، آموزش و اشتغال، مسکن را به یکی از چالشهای مهم در سطح بینالمللی تبدیل کرده است. امروزه مسکن صرفاً بهعنوان یک سرپناه فیزیکی تلقی نمیشود، بلکه بهعنوان مفهومی چندبُعدی شناخته میشود که کل محیط سکونتی را در بر میگیرد و شامل دسترسی به خدمات و زیرساختهای حیاتی برای رفاه خانوار و پایداری شهری است. عواملی نظیر امنیت، نوع کاربری زمین، کیفیت محیطزیست، حس تعلق و هویت مکانی، نقش مهمی در شکلگیری زیستپذیری شهری ایفا میکنند. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی وضعیت زیستپذیری شهری در شهر جیرفت، با تمرکز ویژه بر شاخصهای مرتبط با مسکن در شانزده محله این شهر انجام شده است. مواد و روشها: این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روششناسی، توصیفی-تحلیلی است. با بهرهگیری از منابع نظری گسترده، مدلی جامع تدوین شد که زیستپذیری مسکن را در چهار بُعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی، کالبدی-فضایی و زیستمحیطی تعریف میکند. برای جمعآوری دادههای اولیه، با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، تعداد ۳۹۰ پرسشنامه ساختاریافته در میان خانوارهای ساکن در شانزده محله شهر جیرفت توزیع شد. برای تحلیل دادهها، از روش تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره COCOSO استفاده شد که توانایی تلفیق شاخصهای متعدد در تحلیلهای پیچیده شهری را دارد. همچنین، روش آنتروپی شانون برای وزندهی عینی به هر معیار بر اساس اهمیت اطلاعاتی آن به کار گرفته شد. بهمنظور ترسیم و تحلیل الگوهای فضایی زیستپذیری، از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) استفاده شد که امکان شناسایی دقیق تفاوتهای فضایی در شرایط مسکن و سطح زیستپذیری در سطح شهر را فراهم ساخت. نتایج و بحث: نتایج تحلیلی پژوهش نشاندهنده تفاوتهای قابل توجه در زیستپذیری مسکن میان محلات مختلف شهر جیرفت است. در راهبرد اولیه (Ka)، محله ۱۱ با امتیاز ۵٫۹۲ در رتبه نخست، محله ۴ با امتیاز ۴٫۵۴ در رتبه دوم و محله ۱۳ با امتیاز ۴٫۴۴ در رتبه سوم قرار گرفتند. در مقابل، در راهبرد نهایی (K)، محلههای ۱۵، ۱۶ و ۸ به ترتیب با امتیازات ۰٫۸۷-، ۱٫۰۳- و ۱٫۱۱-، بهعنوان کم برخوردارترین محلات از نظر زیستپذیری مسکن شناسایی شدند. این یافتهها بیانگر وجود نابرابریهای فضایی چشمگیر هستند که در صورت عدم رسیدگی، میتوانند مانعی جدی در مسیر توسعه فراگیر شهری باشند. نتیجهگیری: این پژوهش نقش حیاتی ابزارهای تشخیصی فضایی و روشهای ارزیابی چندمعیاره را در برنامهریزی شهری برجسته میسازد. با شناسایی محلاتی که از نظر زیستپذیری مسکن در وضعیت نامطلوبی قرار دارند، سیاستگذاران و برنامهریزان شهری میتوانند مداخلات هدفمند طراحی کنند که به کاهش نابرابریها و ارتقای زیستپذیری برای همه ساکنان منجر شود. این تحقیق نهتنها چارچوبی قابل تکرار برای شهرهای مشابه ارائه میدهد، بلکه بر اهمیت تصمیمگیری مبتنی بر شواهد در تحقق عدالت فضایی و توسعه پایدار شهری تأکید دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| زیستپذیری؛ مسکن؛ COCOSO؛ آنتروپی شانون؛ جیرفت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A Comprehensive Analysis of Urban Livability with a Focus on Housing Indicators (Case Study of the Sixteen Neighborhoods of Jiroft City) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hamid Reza Rakhshaninasab؛ Zahra Salari | ||
| Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: The rapid growth of the global population, coupled with the rising demand for essential services across sectors such as health, education, and employment, has made housing one of the most pressing global challenges. Housing is no longer limited to the notion of a physical shelter but is increasingly understood as a multidimensional concept that encompasses the entire residential environment. This includes access to vital services and infrastructure that collectively contribute to household well-being and urban sustainability. Factors such as safety, functional land use, environmental quality, place attachment, and spatial identity are pivotal in shaping the overall livability of urban spaces. As a fundamental determinant of urban livability, housing significantly affects the quality of life for urban residents. This study investigates the level of urban livability in Jiroft city, with an explicit emphasis on housing-related indicators across its sixteen neighborhoods. Materials and Methods: Methodologically, the research is applied in nature and employs a descriptive-analytical design. Drawing from an extensive body of of relevant literature, a comprehensive model was developed that frames housing livability within four key dimensions: economic, social, physical-spatial, and environmental. Based on Cochran's sampling formula, a total of 390 structured questionnaires were distributed among households within the sixteen neighborhoods of Jiroft to collect primary data. To analyze the collected data, the study applied the COCOSO (Combined Compromise Solution) method—an advanced multi-criteria decision-making technique known for its capacity to integrate multiple indicators in complex urban analyses. Furthermore, Shannon’s Entropy method was employed to objectively assign weights to each criterion based on their informational significance. To map and visualize spatial patterns of livability, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were used, allowing for the detailed identification of disparities in housing conditions and livability levels across the city. Results and Discussion: The analytical results reveal considerable variation in housing livability among Jiroft’s neighborhoods. In the initial evaluation strategy (Ka), Neighborhood 11 achieved the highest livability score (5.92), followed by Neighborhoods 4 (4.54) and 13 (4.44). Conversely, under the final strategy (K), Neighborhoods 15, 16, and 8 were found to be the least livable, with respective scores of -0.87, -1.03, and -1.11. These findings point to significant spatial inequalities that pose a challenge to inclusive urban development if left unaddressed. The study highlights the critical role of spatial diagnostics and multi-criteria assessment tools in urban planning. By identifying areas with poor housing livability, urban policymakers and planners can design targeted interventions aimed at reducing inequalities and enhancing livability for all residents. Conclusion: The study not only offers a replicable methodological framework for similar urban contexts but also underscores the importance of evidence-based decision-making in promoting spatial justice and sustainable urban development. The integration of COCOSO and Shannon’s Entropy methods with GIS mapping provides a robust analytical toolset for diagnosing urban disparities and guiding policy interventions. Ultimately, the study advocates for inclusive planning strategies that prioritize housing equity and improve the overall quality of life in urban environments. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Livability, Housing, COCOSO, Shannon Entropy, Jiroft | ||
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