زمینشیمی و جایگاه زمینساختی گرانیتوئیدهای A در رشته کوههای میشو، شمال غرب ایران(شهرستان شبستر) | ||
پژوهشهای دانش زمین | ||
مقاله 4، دوره 15، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 59، 1403، صفحه 57-73 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.48308/esrj.2024.104697 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فرهاد پیرمحمدی علیشاه* 1؛ احمد جهانگیری2 | ||
1گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شبستر، شبستر، ایران | ||
2گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
مقدمه تودههای گرانیتی تا آلکالی فلدسپار گرانیتی کوههای میشو که نظیر آنها در کوههای مورو در شمالغرب کشور نیز رخنمون دارند، از جمله تودههای گرانیتوییدی هستند که با چرخه کوهزائی هرسینین (دونین - پرمین) در ارتباط بوده و بررسی سنگشناسی و پتروژنز آنها در جهت تکمیل اطلاعات زمینشناسی شمالغرب کشور از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است و به آگاهی ما از شکلگیری پوستهای ایران در طی کوهزائی هرسینین کمک میکنند (Moayyed and Moazzen, 2002). افتخارنژاد و همکاران (Eftekharnejad et al, 1991) ﺗﻮﺩه ﺁﺫﺭﻳﻦ ﻫﺮﻳﺲ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻌـﺎﺩﻝ ﺑـﺎ ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻴـﺖﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻴﺸﻮ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪاند. ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﺳﺎﺯﻧﺪ ﮐﻬﺮ ﻭ ﺩﻭﻟﻮﻣﻴﺖﻫـﺎﻱ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻧﻴﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻭ ﺩﮔﺮﮔﻮﻥ ﮐـﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﺳـﺖ. ﺭﺳـﻮﺏﻫـﺎﻱ ﻗﺎﻋـﺪه ﭘﺮﻣﻴﻦ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ ﻳﺎفته ﺍﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺩه ﺁﺫﺭﻳﻦ ﺟﺎﻱ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و بر این اساس سن این توده به بعد از کامبرین و پیش از پرمین نسبت داده شده است (Asadian et al, 1994). با توجه به عدم تعیین نوع گرانیتهای A و وجود برخی ابهامات در مورد تودههای گرانیتوئیدی شبستر نظیر سنگشناسی و زمینشیمی (شامل ارتباط زمانی توده گرانیتی هریس با تودههای مجاور و فاز کوهزایی ایران)، توده نفوذی هریس نیازمند مطالعهای جامع و همهجانبه است تا بخشی از تاریخچه زمینشناسی این منطقه و تودههای گرانیتی مناطق مجاور، به درستی تجزیه و تحلیل شود. لذا در این نوشتار سعی شده است با کمک نتایج حاصل از بررسی روابط صحرایی حاکم بر بخشهای مختلف توده نفوذی هریس، پتروگرافی و آنالیز زمینشیمیایی عناصر اصلی و کمیاب، به بررسی ارتباط ژنتیکی بین بخشهای مختلف توده، منشاء ماگمای سازنده و جایگاه تکتونیکی این توده نفوذی و در نهایت تعیین نوع گرانیتهای A و مقایسه آن با گرانیتهای نوعS و I پرداخته شود. مواد و روشها به طور کلی، انجام این پژوهش شامل دو مرحله بازدیدهای صحرایی و بررسیهای آزمایشگاهی است. در بررسیهای نخستین و بازدیدهای صحرایی، شمار 150 نمونه سنگی از تودههای آذرین درونی (گرانیتوییدی) شبستر برداشته شد و از این نمونهها، شمار 110 مقطع نازک میکروسکوپی برای مطالعههای سنگنگاری تهیه شد. در مرحله بعد، تعداد 20 نمونه برای انجام تجزیه زمینشیمیایی به روش سنگ کل به آزمایشگاه ACME در کشور کانادا فرستاده شدند. تجزیه اکسید عنصرهای اصلی به روش ذوب لیتیم بورات (Lithium Borate Fusion) و طیفسنج نشری پلاسمای جفتیده القایی (ICP-ES) انجام شد. نتایج و بحث ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﮐﺎﻧﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺎﻓﻴـﮏ ﻗﻠﻴـﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﮊﻳﺮﻳﻦ - ﺍﻭﮊﻳﺖ ﻭ ﺭﻳﺒﮑﻴﺖ -ﺁﺭﻓﻮﺩﺳﻮﻧﻴﺖ ﺩﻳـﺪﻩ ﻧﻤـﻲﺷـﻮﺩ، ﻭﻟﻲ کلیه دادههای سنگنگاری و ژئوشیمیایی نشان میدهد که سنگهای گرانیتی هریس دارای ماهیت A-type هستند. مقایسه توده گرانیتی شرق میشو با توده گرانیت هریس نشان میدهد، این توده دارای طیفی از سنگهای قلیایی گرانیت- مونزوگرانیت- سینوگرانیت میباشد. بافت غالب در این نمونهها دانهدار هم بعد تا ناهم بعد، پرتیتی و گرانوفیری است. کانیهای اصلی این سنگها نیز شامل کوارتز، فلدسپار پتاسیم، پلاژیوکلاز و کانیهای فرعی و آکسسور شامل بیوتیت، آمفیبول، پیروکسن، آپاتیت، اسفن و زیرکن است که مشابه گرانیتهای مورد بررسی در این مقاله میباشد. بیهنجاری منفی Ba،Nb ،Ti ، Sr و Eu و غنیشدگی در LILEs به ویژهRb و Thنشانگر خاستگاه پوستهای این سنگها است. همچنین Ce و Sm نسبت به عناصر مجاور خود غنیشدگی نشان میدهند. چنین غنیشدگی انتخابی به عنوان تسلط پوستهای یاد شده است (Pearce et al, 1984)، و چنین الگویی به عنوان تسلط پوستهای خوانده میشود. توده گرانیتی هریس از نوع گرانیتهای درون صفحهای نوع A است که با توجه به تهیشدگی از Nb به گروهA2 وابسته است. با توجه به حضور گسترده پرتیت در این سنگها میتوان گفت که ماگمای تشکیل دهنده این سنگها ماگمای خشکی بوده است. افزون بر این مقادیر بالای HFSEs، خشک بودن خاستگاه ماگمای تشکیل دهنده را تایید میکند (Zhao and Zhou, 2007; Bonin, 2007). نتیجه گیری با توجه به شواهد صحرایی، پتروگرافی، زمینشیمیایی و نمودارهای تمایز ساختگاه تکتونیکی، توده گرانیتوئیدی شبستر، آلکالی فلدسپار گرانیت میباشد. این سنگها با سازند پرمین پوشیده شده و سازند سلطانیه با آن تبلور دوباره یافته است. بنابراین سن نسبی آنها به پس از کامبرین و پیش از پرمین نسبت داده میشود. توده گرانیتوئیدی شبستر براساس شاخص اشباع از آلومین، ویژگی پرآلومینوس تا متاآلومینوس ضعیف دارد. بیهنجاری منفی Ba،Nb ،Ti ، Sr و Eu و غنیشدگی در LILEs به ویژهRb و Thنشانگر خاستگاه پوستهای این سنگها است. بنابراین توده گرانیتوئیدی شبستر از نوع گرانیتهای درون صفحهای نوع A است که با توجه به تهیشدگی از Nb به گروهA2 وابسته است. به عبارتی به احتمال زیاد گرانیتهای قلیایی نوع A پس از برخورد، در این منطقه به دنبال رویدادهای برخوردی ایجاد شده و طی جایگیری آنها زمینساخت کششی غالب بوده است. نمودار REE این گرانیتها نشان میدهد که توده گرانیتوئیدی شبستر ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﺧﺎﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺟﺪﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﭘﻼﮊﻳﻮﮐﻼﺯ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷـﺪه است ﻭ ﻳـﺎ ﭘﻼﮊﻳﻮﮐﻼﺯ ﺩﺭ ﻃﻮﻝ ﺭﻭﻧﺪ ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﮔﻤﺎﻱ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺟـﺪﺍ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ، بهطوری که احتمالاً در اثر ذوب بخشی پوسته تحتانی با ترکیب تونالیتی- گرانودیوریتی ایجاد شده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
الکالیفلدسپارگرانیت؛ پس از برخورد؛ گرانیت A2؛ ماگماتیسم؛ محیط کششی | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
Geochemistry and tectonic setting of the A-type granitoid, in Mishu mountains, northwest of Iran (Shabestar city) | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
farhad pirmohammadi alishah1؛ Ahmad Jahangiry2 | ||
1Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, slamic Azad University, Shabestar Branch, Shabestar, Iran | ||
2Department of Geology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
Introduction Granitic to alkaline feldspar granitic masses of Mishu mountains, which are similar to them in the Moro mountains in the northwest of the country, are among the granitoid masses that are related to the Hercynian (Donian-Permian) orogenic cycle, and the study of their lithology and petrogenesis in order to complete the geological information. The northwest of the country is of particular importance and they contribute to our knowledge of the crustal formation of Iran during the Hercynian orogeny (Moayyed and Moazzen, 2002). Eftekharnejad et al. (1991) considered the mass of intrusive Shebster to be equivalent to Mishu granites. This massif has cut and transformed the Kahr and Dolomites of Sultanate. Permian base sediments were placed on the eroded surface of this intrusive mass and based on this, the age of this mass has been attributed to Post-Cambrian and Pre-Permian (Asadian et al, 1994). Due to the lack of determination of the A-type granites and the existence of some ambiguities about the Shabestar granitoid mass such as lithology and geochemistry (including the temporal relationship of the Shabestar granite mass with the adjacent masses and the orogenic phase of Iran), the Shabestar intrusive mass requires a comprehensive and comprehensive study to be a part of the history The geology of this area and the granite masses of the adjacent areas should be properly analyzed. Therefore, in this article, with the help of the results obtained from the study of the field relationships governing the different parts of the Shabaster intrusive mass, petrography and geochemical analysis of the main and rare elements, it has been tried to investigate the genetic relationship between the different parts of the mass, the origin of the magma that formed it, and the tectonic position of this intrusive mass. And finally, determine the A-type granites and compare them with S and I granites. Materials and Methods In general, conducting this research includes two stages of field visits and laboratory investigations. In the first surveys and field visits, 150 stone samples were taken from the internal igneous (Granitoid) masses of Shabestar, and from these samples, 110 microscopic thin sections were prepared for petrographic studies. In the next step, 20 samples were sent to ACME laboratory in Canada for geochemical analysis by whole rock method. Oxide analysis of main elements was done by lithium borate fusion method and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-ES). In this method, the amount of oxides of the main elements is measured based on weight percentage. Results and Discussion Alkaline mafic minerals such as ezirin-augeite and ribkeite-arphodsonite are not found in the examined granites, but all petrographic and geochemical data show that Harris granite rocks are of A-type nature. The comparison of the granite mass of East Mishu with the granite mass of Harris shows that this mass has a range of alkaline rocks of granite-monzogranite-siyenogranite. The dominant texture in these samples is fine-grained from the same dimension to the non-dimensional, perthitic and granophyric. The main minerals of these stones include quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase and minor and accessory minerals including biotite, amphibole, pyroxene, apatite, sphene and zircon, which are similar to the granites studied in this article. The negative anomalies of Ba, Nb, Ti, Sr, and Eu and the enrichment in LILEs, especially Rb and Thn, indicate the crustal origin of these rocks. Also, Ce and Sm show their enrichment compared to the adjacent elements. Such selective enrichment has been referred to as shell dominance (Pearce et al, 1984), and such a pattern is called shell dominance. In addition, these high values of HFSEs confirm the dry origin of the constituent magma (Bonin, 2007; Zhao and Zhou, 2007). Conclusion According to the field evidence, petrography, geochemistry and tectonic structure differentiation diagrams, Shabester granitoid mass is alkali feldspar granite. These rocks are covered by the Permian Formation and the Soltanieh Formation has recrystallized with it. Therefore, their relative age is attributed to Post-Cambrian and Pre-Permian. According to the alumina saturation index, the granitoid mass of Shabestar has peraluminous to weakly metaaluminous characteristics. Negative anomalies of Ba, Nb, Ti, Sr and Eu and enrichment in LILEs, especially Rb and Thn, indicate the crustal origin of these rocks. Therefore, Shabestar granitoid mass is A-type of in-plane granites of A-type, which is related to group A2 due to the depletion of Nb. In other words, it is very likely that A-type alkaline granites were created in this region after impact events, and during their emplacement, tensile tectonics prevailed. The REE diagram of these granites shows that the granitoid mass of Shabestar was probably due to partial melting of the lower crust with tonalitic-granodioric composition. The REE diagram of these granites shows that the granitoid mass of Shabestar was obtained from a plagioclase-containing source, or plagioclase was separated from the forming magma during the evolutionary process, so that it is probably due to partial melting of the lower crust with tonalitic-granodioric composition. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
Alkaline feldespar granite, Post collision, Granite A2, Magmatism, Tensile environment | ||
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