Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of aquatic, land, and combined based exercises on performance, balance, and fear of falling in elderly women.
Methods: Forty-eight elderly women aged 61 to 70 years were selected from the elderly population of Karaj city and randomly divided into 4 experimental and control groups. Data was collected using the International Falls Efficacy Scale, the Timed Up and Go test, and the Berg Balance Scale. The training lasted eight weeks, with three 60-minute sessions per week (18 sessions). Statistical methods such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, correlated t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Duncan's post hoc test were used to analyze the data (P<0.05).
Results: The findings indicated that eight weeks of training in water, on land, and a combination of both had a significant effect on all the studied indicators, resulting in improved performance (P<0.05). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the effects of the selected exercises on functional tests, balance, and fear of falling in elderly women, with the combined exercise group showing superiority (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the effectiveness of the exercise methods, it is recommended that elderly individuals focus more on combined exercises to enhance balance and reduce the fear of falling.
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